Amino derivatives of tetrasubstituted benzene compounds

ABSTRACT

WHEREIN R and R&#39;&#39; may be methyl, or a halogen when R&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; is -CH2-; or R and R&#39;&#39;, taken together, may be methylene dioxy; R&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; may be methyl or nitro; R&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; may be absent or may be -CH2- or -CH ; and X is the residue of a substituted amino or a polyamino radical.   Antimicrobial 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted benzenes having the structure:

United States Patent [1 1 Merianos et al.

1*Mar. 18, 1975' 1 AMINO DERIVATIVES OF TETRASUBSTITUTED BENZENE COMPOUNDS [75] Inventors: John J. Merianos, Jersey City;

Phillip Adams, Murray Hill, both of NJ.

[73] Assignee: Millmaster Onyx Corporation, New

York, NY.

The portion of the term of this patent subsequent to June 28, 1991, has been disclaimed.

[22] Filed: Dec. 5, 1973 [2]} Appl. No: 421,750

Related US. Application Data [60] Division of Ser. No. 291,824, Sept. 25, 1972, Pat. No. 3,838,197, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 130,783, April 2, 1971, Pat. No. 3,821,407.

[ 1 Notice:

[52] US. Cl. 71/67 [51] Int. Cl A0ln 9/24 [58] Field of Search 71/67; 162/161 [56] 7 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,466,162 9/1969 Gloor et a1 71/67 3,645,715 2/1972 Daum et al. 71/67 3,771,989 11/1973 Pera et a1 71/67 Primary Examiner-James 0. Thomas, Jr. Attorney, Agent, or Firm Arthur A. Jacobs, Esq.

[57] ABSTRACT Antimicrobial 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted benzenes having the structure:

2 Claims, No Drawings AMINO DERIVATIVES OF TETRASUBSTITUTED BENZENE COMPOUNDS This application is a division of copending application Ser. No. 291,824, filed Sept. 25, 1972 issued as US. Pat. No. 3,838,197 dated Sept. 24, 1974 which application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 130,783, filed Apr. 2, 1971, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 3,821,407 dated June 28, 1974.

This invention relates to novel and potent antimicrobial agents comprising amino derivatives of certain l,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted benzenes.

In accordance with the present invention, potent antimicrobial effects are obtained in the use of compounds having the general structure:

R R I l I X R R l I wherein R and R may be methyl, or a halogen when R' is CH-;-; or R and R, taken together, may be methylene dioxy; R" may be methyl or nitro; R may be absent or may be CH or CH=; and X is the residue of a lower alkyl, monoor polyamino, or alkanolamino radical.

The configuration of these tetrasubstituted benzenes is mainly, but not necessarily exclusively, l,2,4,5. For example, the chloromethylation of pseudocumene to trimethylbenzyl chloride by methods known to the art produces about 80 to 85 percent of the 2,4,5- trimethylbenzyl chloride isomer; about -15 percent of the 2,3,5 isomer; and small amounts of the 2,3,6 isomer. The chloromethylation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene yields a similar distribution.

Halogenation of pseudocumene also results in comparable isomeric distribution; of which, for example, the S-halo trimethylbenzene is a solid, which is easily separated from its liquid isomers.

The antimicrobial amino derivatives of the present invention will be referred to hereinafter as the principal l,2,4,5-components, with the understanding that minor amounts of the isomeric compounds may be present.

Among the intermediate agents with which the amino compounds described hereinafter are reacted to produce the products of the invention are trimethylbenzyl halides, trihalobenzyl halides, trimethylhalobenzenes, trimethyl benzaldehydes, and nitropiperonal; the halogen in each case being selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine.

The amino compounds which are employed in condensation reactions to yield the products of the invention are organic amines, polyamines, or alkanolamines having at least one primary amino group, such, for example, as ethanolamine, ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine, dimethylaminopropylamine, and the like.

The antimicrobial properties of these products or of their salts make them effective preservatives, sanitizing and disinfecting agents which are effective against bacteria, fungi and algae. They may be applied to the preservation of cosmetics and to the preservation of waterbased paints, both in the emulsion and in the applied and dried film. They may also be used in the preservation of metal working fluids such as cutting and grinding oils, to prevent putrefaction. They are, additionally, effective for the treatment of process and cooling water in such fields as paper making and the like, and in heat exchangers, air conditioners, humidifiers and dehumidifiers and the like. They are useful for the sanitization of surfaces and, in fact, wherever an antibacterial agent may be required.

The following examples are intended to illustrate but not to limit the invention, except as claimed:

EXAMPLE 1 Pseudocumene was chlorome'thylated by the procedure described by R. D. Lake and B. B. Corson, in the Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 24, pp. 1823-24. The washed crude was distilled to separate the unreacted residue of hydrocarbon and the small residue of bis-chloromethylated material. The 2,4,5-trimethyl benzyl chloride was obtained in about percent yield.

EXAMPLE 2 An agitated, round-bottomed flask fitted with a drop- I ping funnel and a reflux condenser was charged with 250 grams, or 2.5 mols, of diethylene triamine, and the funnel was then charged with 168 grams, or one mol, of the distilled chloromethyl'trimethylbenzene of Example l, which was added slowly, during about /2 hour, to the amine, at a temperature of about 140C, or about the reflux temperature at atmospheric pressure. The cooled mass was checked for ionic chlorine content, which was found to be of the theoretical amount.

m1 of 30 percent caustic soda solution was added with agitation, to liberate the product from its hydrochloride salt. 500 ml. of chloroform was added, and the contents of the flask were transferred to a separating funnel.

The chloroform layer was tapped off, and transferred to a distilling flask wherein the chloroform was stripped off and recovered.

Distillation was continued, and the product, N'-(2,4,5-trimethylbenzy1) diethylene triamine was recovered.

EXAMPLE 3 In the same manner as in Example 2, the reaction was carried outwith, respectively, ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, dimethylaminopropylamine, hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine, and ethanolamine, instead of diethylene triamine.

For example, with dimethylaminopropylamine the reflux temperature was l 30l40C, with ethylene diamine l30C, etc.

In each case, the temperature range of about 120150C is adequate for a reaction time of about V2 hour.

In the case of the high-boiling amines, such as ethanolamine, hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine and the like, it is not necessary to strip off the excess by distillation under high vacuum. Instead, after the addition of caustie and water, the aqueous layer containing the excess amine can be separated from the oily layer, and, thereafter, the water can be largely stripped off from the amine to be recovered by distillation.

EXAMPLE 4 5-chloropseudocumene was prepared by chlorinating pseudocumene in chloroform, as described in Smith and Moyles The Jacobsen Reaction, IV, in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, Volume 58, page 8 (1936), wherety S-chloropseudocumene was separated from 3-chloropseudocumene by recrystallization, the latter being liquid.

5-bromopseudocumene was prepared similarly, brominating in chloroform and separating the crystalline 5-bromopseudocumene from the 3-isomer.

EXAMPLE 5 An agitated, round-bottomed flask fitted with a reflux condenser was charged with 20 grams or 0.1 mol of the S-bromopseudocumene of Example 4 and 30 grams or 0.5 mol of ethylenediamine, plus 0.5 grams of cuprous chloride. This was heated under reflux and agitation at about 120C and atmospheric pressure for 24 hours. When bromide in titration indicated substantially complete reaction, the excess amine was stripped off, and the cooled residue was treated with 30 percent aqueous caustic soda. The product, trimethylanilinoethylamine was extracted with chloroform and washed with salt solution. The extract was filtered and stripped of chloroform, and the product was recovered as a solid melting at 22 l225C. The yield was 85-90 percent of the theoretical.

Similarly, ethanolamine substituted for ethylene diamine and reacted at l70l75C for 72 hours yielded trimethylanilinoethanol; and the amines of Example 3 in general may also be reacted.

EXAMPLE 6 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene was chloromethylated by methods known to the art; for example, by treatment with paraformaldehyde and HCl gas in 1005 sulfuric acid; or with paraformaldehyde and chlorosulfonic acid in concentrated sulfuric acid. The separated and washed product was distilled in vacuo to separate from unreacted trichlorobenzene, to recover the 2,4,5-trichlorobenzylchloride in good yield.

EXAMPLE 7 23 grams or 0.1 mol of2,4,5-trichlorobenzyl chloride and 30 grams or 0.5 mol of ethylene diamine were mixed and heated on a steam bath for 4 to 6 hours until titration of chloride ion indicated essential completion of the reaction. The excess of ethylene diamine was stripped off and the residue was treated with 30 percent caustic soda and extracted with chloroform.

After distilling off the chloroform, the 2,4,5- trichlorobenzylaminoethylamine was distilled.

In a similar manner, 2,4,5-trichlorobenzyl chloride was reacted with the amines of Example 3, to yield the corresponding trichlorobenzylamino derivatives.

EXAMPLE 8 Schiff bases were prepared by reacting the amines of Examples 1 and 3 with aromatic aldehydes.

The Sommelet reaction (described by Shacklett and Smith, among others, in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, Volume 75, pages 2654-57) was used reacting the trimethyl benzyl chloride of Example 1 with a 10 percent excess of hexamethylene tetraamine and with formalin, in aqueous ethanol. Yields of about 60 percent of trimethylbenzaldehyde were obtained, in accordance with Shackletts experience.

Thirty grams or 0.2 mol of the trimethyl benzaldehyde and 23 grams or 0.225 mol of dimethylamino- EXAMPLE 9 In the same apparatus, 15 grams or 0.1 mol of 2,4,5-trimethylbenzaldehyde and 3 grams or 0.05 mol of ethylene diamine were reacted in benzene, distilling out 0.1 mol of water. The product, bis (2,4,5- benzilidene)-ethylene diamine was recovered as leafy white crystals melting at ll0l 15C.

EXAMPLE 10 Other substituted benzaldehydes were similarly reacted as in Examples 8 and 9; for example, 6-nitro piperonal (otherwise, 2-nitro-4,5-methylenedioxybenzaldehyde) yielded, with ethylene diamine, (Z-nitro- 4,5-methylenedioxybenzylidene)-ethylene diamine.

EXAMPLE 11 In the same manner, 6-nitropiperonal yielded 3(2- nitro-4,5-methylenedioxybenzylidene) ldimethylaminopropylamine.

EXAMPLE 12 In the same manner as in Example 9, the nitro substituted piperonal was reacted with one-half a molar equivalent of ethylene diamine to yield the corresponding bis-(-2-nitro)-4,5-benzylidene) diamine.

EXAMPLE 13 The Schiff bases of the preceding examples may be reduced, if it is so desired, to the correspondingbenzylamino derivatives; for example, by treatment with sodium borohydride in methanol, or by hydrogenation in the presence of Raney nickel.

EXAMPLE 14 The above compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity, using the Standard Tube Dilution Test, which is common knowledge to those skilled in the art. This test utilizes a suitable nutrient broth which is treated to provide various concentrations of the antimicrobial candidates of this invention.

To the sterile broth contained in test tubes at 9 ml. volume was added 1.0 ml. of a dilution of test antimicrobial solution, at levels of 1,000, 5 00, 250, 100, 50, 10 and 5 parts per million respectively. Following this, each tube was inoculated with 0.1 ml of a broth suspension of a 24 hour culture of the test bacteria or fungi, to give a final bacterial count of 1 to 10 million organisms per ml; or a fungi count of from 10,000 to 50,000 spores per ml; or 30,000 cells per ml. for algae.

The tubes so inoculated were incubated for 48 and 96 hours at 37C for bacteria; or 14 days at 28C for fungi, and 7 days for algae. Following the aforementioned incubation periods, the tubes were examined for the presence or absence of macroscopic growth. The lowest concentration of test material not permitting macroscopic growth is designated as the Minimum Inhibitory Level. The test organisms employed were:

Escherichia colo E.c.; Pseudomonas aeruginosa The invention claimed is: Ps. a.; Staphylococcus aureus S.a.; Streptococcus faecalis S.p.; Aspergillus niger =A.n.; Penicilium ex- A method Of lnhlbitmg algae which Comprises appansum P.e.; and Chlorella pyranoidosa C.p. plying to said algae an effective amount sufficient to inln the following Table, for the sake of brevity, the de- 5 hibit the growth of said algae of the compound of N- rivatives of the given amines will be given as: Trimethtrimethylbenzyl diethylene triamine.

Table I Parts per million of product inhibiting: Gram Negative Gram Positive Fungus Algae Product E.c. Ps.a. S.a. S.f. A.nf P.e. C.p.

TMB/ED 50 100 I 50 O 50 I0 TMB/DT 50 500 50 50 500 500 50 TMB/HEED 500 lOOO 5O 50 500 500 50 TMB/DMAPA 500 1000 50 100 100 100 10 TMB/DMAPA 500 I000 50 100 v 100 100 I0 TMB/ED 100 1000 100 500 500 1000 50 Bis TMB/ED 100 1000 100 100 100 500 50 Bis TMB/DMAPA 100 500 10 I0 100 500 10 TCB/DT I00 100 50 50 1000 1000 TCB/H EE D 500 1000 1000 1000 l 000 1000 TCB/ED I00 250 100 100 ylbenzyl TMB; Trimethylphenyl TMP; Ethylene 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said compound is m n Diethylene r min DT; Hy r y- N-(2,4,5-trimethylbenzyl) diethylene triamine. ethyl ethylene diamine HEED; Dimethylaminopropylamine DMAPA. 

1. A METHOD OF INHIBITING ALGAE WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING TO SAID ALGAE AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO INHIBIT THE GROWTH OF SAID ALGAE OF THE COMPOUND OF N-TRIMETHYLBENZYL DIETHYLENE TRIAMINE.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said compound is N''-(2,4,5-trimethylbenzyl) diethylene triamine. 